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History
- Published online June 26, 2025.
Copyright & Usage
This manuscript is generously published free of charge by ISASS, the International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery. Copyright © 2025 ISASS. To see more or order reprints or permissions, see http://ijssurgery.com.
Author Information
- Mohamed Kamal A. Mohamed, MD,1⇑,
- Michael Rauschmann, MD2,
- Andrei Slavici, MD2,
- Marcus Rickert, MD3,
- Sebastian Walter, MD4,
- Nikolaus Kernich, MD4,
- Krishnan Sircar, MD4,
- Peer Eysel, MD, PhD4 and
- Vincent J. Heck, MD4
- 1 Goethe University School of Medicine and University Hospital Frankfurt am Main, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- 2 Centre for Complex Spine Service and Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery, Sana Academic Teaching Hospital, Offenbach am Main, Germany
- 3 Orthopaedic Private Practice, Rickert Orthopaedic Centre, Seligenstadt, Germany
- 4 Cologne University School of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence to Mohamed Kamal A. Mohamed, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Marienburgstrasse 2, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; mkamal1{at}web.de
Author Contributions All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. Michael Rauschmann had the idea for the study. Mohamed Kamal A. Mohamed, Andrei Slavici, Marcus Rickert, and Nicolaus Kernich performed material preparation, data collection, and analysis. Mohamed Kamal A. Mohamed and Vincent J. Heck wrote the first draft. Peer Eysel and Krishnan Sircar revised the work critically. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.