OR for improvement in VAS back pain, leg pain, and ODI scores ( ≥33% for VAS back pain, ≥40% for VAS leg pain, and ≥30% for ODI) at 12 months after lumbar fusion.
| Variables | Improvement in VAS Back Pain | Improvement in VAS Leg Pain | Improvement in ODI | |||||||||
| Yesa (n = 39) | Noa (n = 11) | OR (95% CI) | P | Yesa (n = 42) | Noa (n = 7) | OR (95% CI) | P | Yesa (n = 38) | Noa (n = 15) | OR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age, y | 58 (49–66) | 47 (42–59) | 1.04 (0.99–1.10) | 0.16 | 52 (48–66) | 47 (39–63) | 1.04 (0.98–1.11) | 0.24 | 58 (49–68) | 50 (42–66) | 1.02 (0.97–1.06) | 0.47 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 24 | 6 | 1.33 (0.35–5.15) | 0.68 | 28 | 1 | 12.0 (1.3–110) | 0.03* | 22 | 9 | 0.92 (0.27–3.10) | 0.89 |
| Male | 15 | 5 | 1 (Reference) | 14 | 6 | 1 (Reference) | 16 | 6 | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Smoker | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 4 | 1 | 1 (Reference) | 0.91 | 4 | 1 | 1 (Reference) | 0.70 | 5 | 1 | 0.47 (0.05–4.41) | 0.51 |
| No | 35 | 10 | 0.88 (0.09–8.74) | 38 | 6 | 1.58 (0.15–16.7) | 33 | 14 | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.8 (26.5–33.0) | 28.2 (23.3–32.3) | 1.07 (0.92–1.24) | 0.40 | 28.6 (25.5–33.1) | 31.2 (30.2–33.0) | 1.01 (0.85–1.21) | 0.89 | 30.1 (27.1–33.5) | 27.1 (22.6–31.7) | 1.15 (0.99–1.33) | 0.06 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–1) | 1.42 (0.74–2.69) | 0.29 | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 1.73 (0.74–4.04) | 0.21 | 1.5 (1–2) | 1 (0–2) | 1.24 (0.75–2.07) | 0.41 |
| Number of spinal levels | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 18 | 7 | 1 (Reference) | 0.31 | 22 | 3 | 1 (Reference) | 0.64 | 19 | 7 | 0.88 (0.26–2.90) | 0.83 |
| 2 | 21 | 4 | 2.04 (0.51–8.12) | 20 | 4 | 0.68 (0.14–3.43) | 19 | 8 | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Baseline VAS back pain | 8 (8–9) | 7 (5–9) | 1.56 (1.04–2.35) | 0.03* | 8 (7–9) | 9 (4–10) | 1.23 (0.81–1.88) | 0.33 | 8 (7–9) | 9 (7–10) | 1.01 (0.71–1.44) | 0.96 |
| Baseline VAS leg pain | 8 (6–9) | 7 (3–9) | 1.16 (0.89–1.51) | 0.28 | 8 (6–9) | 9 (5–9) | 0.97 (0.68–1.40) | 0.89 | 8 (6–9) | 7 (4.5–9) | 1.10 (0.86–1.41) | 0.45 |
| Baseline ODI | 58 (36–64) | 56 (44–66) | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0.64 | 51 (38–64) | 66 (62–68) | 0.96 (0.91–1.02) | 0.19 | 55 (37–65) | 62 (44–66) | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0.66 |
| Baseline NLR | 2.0 (1.4–2.7) | 2.0 (1.8–2.1) | 0.94 (0.69–1.29) | 0.72 | 2.0 (1.6–2.7) | 1.8 (1.4–2.1) | 1.62 (0.52–5.00) | 0.40 | 2.0 (1.4–2.7) | 1.8 (1.4–2.1) | 1.03 (0.74–1.44) | 0.87 |
Abbreviations: NLR, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; VAS, visual analog scale.
↵a Presented as absolute numbers for categorical variables and median (interquartile range) for quantitative variables. P value determined by binary logistic regression.
b Statistically significant at 5% significance level.