Table 2

Relative risk of comorbidity on adverse event between data sources.

Institutional Registry	Institutional Registry			American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program
Institutional Registry	Relative Risk	P Value	95% CI	Relative Risk	P Value	95% CI
Age	1.03	< 0.001	1.01–1.05	1.01	< 0.001	1.01–1.02
Sex
Female	1.79	0.01	1.13–2.86	1.34	< 0.001	1.18–1.53
2-Level fusion	1.15	0.62	0.66–1.98	1.15	0.04	1.01–1.32
Obesity	0.91	0.68	0.58–1.41	1.33	< 0.001	1.18–1.52
Smoking	0.92	0.81	0.46–1.83	1.22	0.02	1.04–1.44
Congestive heart failure	1.98	0.37	0.45–8.74	1.13	0.76	0.50–2.56
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	1.53	0.34	0.63–3.71	1.14	0.32	0.88–1.46
Hypertension	0.83	0.43	0.52–1.32	1.21	0.01	1.05–1.39