Occurrence of subsidence per LIF method considering 25–50% or >2 mm migration of the cage in the endplate.
| LIF Surgical Approach | Subsidence Occurrence | No. of Studies | |
| Minimum | Maximum | ||
| ALIF | 6% (3/50)26 | 23.1% (3/13)30 | 6 |
| LLIF | 8.7% (29/335)34,41 (26/297)34,41 | 39.6% (38/96)42 | 11 |
| LLIF with posterior fixation | 3.3% (1/30)35 | 20.7% (6/29)38 | 8 |
| OLIF with posterior fixation | 4.4% (6/137)43 | 36.9% (62/168)45 | 7 |
| PLIF with posterior fixation | 7.4% (2/27)30 | 31.8% (11/41)39 | 5 |
| TLIF with posterior fixation | 0% (0/40)26 | 51.2% (21/41)38 | 14 |
Abbreviations: ALIF, anterior lumbar interbody fusion; LIF, lumbar interbody fusion; LLIF, lateral lumbar interbody fusion ; OLIF, oblique lumbar interbody fusion; PLIF, posterior lumbar interbody fusion; TLIF, transverse lumbar interbody fusion.