Table 3

Impact of gender on PROMs.

PROM	Women (Mean ± SD)	P Value^{^a}	Men (Mean ± SD)	P Value^{^b}
VAS neck
Preoperative	6.4 ± 2.4	-	6.0 ± 2.2	-
6 wk	4.0 ± 2.5	<0.001	3.3 ± 2.6	<0.001
12 wk	2.9 ± 2.8	<0.001	2.9 ± 2.4	<0.001
6 mo	3.0 ± 2.8	<0.001	2.7 ± 2.5	<0.001
1 y	3.2 ± 3.1	0.006	3.5 ± 2.7	<0.001
2 y	4.2 ± 2.6	0.002	4.3 ± 2.9	0.042
VAS arm
Preoperative	6.5 ± 2.7	-	5.7 ± 2.5	-
6 wk	2.2 ± 2.7	<0.001	2.7 ± 2.5	<0.001
12 wk	3.1 ± 3.5	<0.001	2.5 ± 2.4	<0.001
6 mo	2.9 ± 3.3	<0.001	2.4 ± 2.5	<0.001
1 y	3.0 ± 2.7	0.011	4.0 ± 3.4	0.028
2 y	3.3 ± 2.8	0.005	3.9 ± 3.3	0.235
NDI
Preoperative	42.9 ± 19.6	-	40.9 ± 17.8	-
6 wk	30.5 ± 20.2	<0.001	32.5 ± 19.8	<0.001
12 wk	25.0 ± 19.7	<0.001	28.1 ± 20.4	<0.001
6 mo	25.4 ± 21.1	<0.001	22.0 ± 20.5	<0.001
1 y	23.9 ± 20.0	0.010	26.1 ± 23.6	<0.001
2 y	22.6 ± 16.0	0.004	33.7 ± 23.9	0.023
SF-12 PCS
Preoperative	37.6 ± 7.4	-	37.9 ± 10.5	-
6 wk	39.1 ± 9.4	0.019	38.0 ± 10.0	0.393
12 wk	44.5 ± 9.1	<0.001	43.8 ± 11.5	<0.001
6 mo	40.5 ± 10.0	0.003	43.4 ± 9.6	<0.001
1 y	44.3 ± 8.4	0.002	43.1 ± 12.2	0.007
2 y	46.1 ± 8.4	0.013	37.6 ± 13.1	0.218
PROMIS-PF
Preoperative	39.1 ± 6.6	-	40.8 ± 7.8	-
6 wk	42.4 ± 6.9	0.141	39.3 ± 7.3	0.550
12 wk	46.2 ± 11.2	0.003	45.4 ± 10.4	0.004
6 mo	45.9 ± 9.2	<0.001	47.4 ± 10.9	<0.001
1 y	47.1 ± 7.9	0.049	48.0 ± 9.4	0.002
2 y	48.3 ± 11.0	0.019	46.0 ± 9.6	0.004
VR-12 PCS
Preoperative	36.5 ± 7.5	-	36.4 ± 10.0	-
6 wk	40.2 ± 8.5	0.024	36.3 ± 10.1	0.928
12 wk	42.9 ± 10.1	0.012	40.7 ± 11.6	0.031
6 mo	42.9 ± 9.8	0.001	45.9 ± 9.3	<0.001
1 y	45.7 ± 8.5	0.006	44.7 ± 11.6	0.001
2 y	47.5 ± 7.9	0.011	38.7 ± 13.5	0.343

Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance.
↵a P values calculated using paired sample t test for improvement from preoperative to postoperative PROMs among women.
↵b P values calculated using paired sample t test for improvement from preoperative to postoperative PROMs among men.
Abbreviations: NDI, Neck Disability Index; PCS, physical composite score; PROM, patient-reported outcome measure; PROMIS-PF, PROM information system physical function; SF-12 PCS, 12-item short form survey PCS; VAS, visual analog scale; VR-12 PCS, veterans RAND 12-item health survey PCS.