Table 1

Summary of measurement tools for psychosocial traits.

Measurement ToolNumber of ItemsInternal Consistency (Cronbach’s α)Test-Retest Reliability (r Value)Validity
Brief Resilience Scale45,48 60.7–0.950.69Construct
Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-1049 100.860.87Construct
Resilience Scale for Adults370.90.84Construct
Pain self-efficacy questionnaire52 100.920.73Construct
Short Grit Scale53 80.73–0.830.68Criterion
Patient activation measure-1335 220.870.85Criterion