Return to the operating room, imaging modality, and surgical approach distribution.
| Variable | n (%) |
| Return to OR | |
| Yes | 8 (9.3%) |
| No | 78 (90.7%) |
| Imaging used | |
| Radiography | 79 (91.0%) |
| Computed tomography | 55 (64.0%) |
| Magnetic resonance imaging | 9 (10.5%) |
| Surgical approach for patients who returned to OR | |
| LLIF | 4 (50%) |
| TLIF | 3 (37.5%) |
| ALIF | 1 (12.5%) |
| BMI, mean ± SD | |
| Returned to OR | 34.9 ± 5.07 |
| No return to OR | 30.1 ± 6.89 |
Abbreviations: ALIF, anterior lumbar interbody fusion; BMI, body mass index; LLIF, lateral lumbar interbody fusion; OR, operating room; TLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.