Table 1

Patient and characteristics and surgical outcomes (N = 86).

Characteristic n (%)
Sex
 Female50 (58.1%)
 Male36 (41.9%)
BMI
 <3040 (46.5%)
 30–34.925 (29.1%)
 35–39.915 (17.4%)
 ≥406 (7.0%)
 Mean ± SD30.63 ± 6.99
Surgical Approach and BMI
 TLIF 
  <3021 (56.8%)
  30–34.99 (24.3%)
  35–39.96 (16.2%)
  ≥401 (2.7%)
  Mean ± SD28.55 ± 6.75
 LLIF 
  <309 (25.7%)
  30–34.914 (40.0%)
  35–39.98 (22.9%)
  ≥404 (11.4%)
  Mean ± SD33.63 ± 5.97
 ALIF 
  <307 (70%)
  30–34.91 (10%)
  35–39.91 (10%)
  ≥401 (10%)
  Mean ± SD28.53 ± 9.02
 OLIF
  <300
  30–34.92 (100%)
  35–39.90
  ≥400
  Mean ± SD32.85 ± 1.06
 Multi-approach 
  <303 (75%)
  30–34.91 (25%)
  35–39.90
  ≥400
  Mean ± SD28.85 ± 3.44
Prior Lumbar Fusion
 Yes3 (3.5%)
 No83 (96.5%)
History of Degenerative Disk Disease
 Yes8 (9.3%)
 No78 (90.7%)
Type of Surgery
 TLIF37 (43.0%)
 LLIF33 (38.4%)
 ALIF10 (11.6%)
 OLIF2 (2.3%)
 Multiple4 (4.7%)
Segment Level
 L3–49 (10.5%)
 L4–544 (51.2%)
 L5–S114 (16.3%)
 Multilevel19 (22.1%)
Spondylolisthesis
 Grade 156 (73.7%)
 Grade 220 (26.3%)
 Grade 30
 Grade 40
 Grade 50
VAS
 0, none8 (9.3%)
 1–3, mild9 (10.5%)
 4–6, moderate23 (26.7%)
 7–10, severe46 (53.5%)
 Mean ± SD5.85 ± 2.83
ODI
 0–20, minimal6 (7.0%)
 21–40, moderate18 (20.9%)
 41–60, severe46 (53.5%)
 61–80, crippled16 (18.6%)
 81–100, bedbound0
 Mean ± SD47.81 ± 16.32

  • Abbreviations: ALIF, anterior lumbar interbody fusion; BMI, body mass index; LLIF, lateral lumbar interbody fusion; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; TLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; VAS, visual analog scale.

  • Note: Data presented as n (%) unless otherwise noted.