ROM |
Flexion | No change | Substantial decrease |
Extension | No change | Substantial decrease |
Lateral bending | Mild decrease | Substantial decrease |
Axial rotation | No change | Substantial decrease |
LZ |
Flexion-extension | No change | Substantial decrease |
Lateral bending | Mild decrease | Substantial decrease |
Axial rotation | Mild decrease | Substantial decrease |
SZ |
Flexion | No change | No change |
Extension | No change | No change |
Lateral bending | Mild increase | No change |
Axial rotation | Mild increase | No change |
Coupled axial rotation during lateral bending | No change | Substantial decrease |
Coupled lateral bending during axial rotation | Substantial decrease | Substantial decrease |
Anteroposterior position of axis of rotation | No change | Substantial increase |
Rostrocaudal position of axis of rotation | Mild increase | Substantial increase |
Facet load during flexion | Mild decrease | Mild decrease |
Facet load during other loading | No change | No change |