Push-out Testing Results. Data are presented as Mean ± Standard Deviation.
| 6 weeks | 12 weeks | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPS | AM | AM+HA | AM+Auto | TPS | AM | AM+HA | AM+Auto | |
| Peak Push-Out Force (N) | 2635±705 | 2313±1057 | 2351±535 | 2961±761 | 3061±645 | 3029±710 | 3450±710 | 3766±867 |
| Energy to Failure (Nmm) | 1497±537 | 1209±623 | 1144±513 | 1660±710 | 1699±507 | 1603±549 | 1971±748 | 2188±543 |
TPS = titanium plasma spray, AM = additive manufactured, AM+HA = additive manufactured with hydroxyapatite, AM+Auto = additive manufactured with autograft.