Table 1

Review of published cases on epidural spinal angiolipoma.

Author	Year	Age, sex	First symptom	Level	Axial location	Infiltrating	Treatment	Outcome
Berenbruch	1890	16/M	Paraparesis	Thoracic	Not available	N	Surgery
Liebscher	1901	51/F	Numbness	T7-T8	Anterior	N	No surgery
Frazier and Allen	1918	55/F		Thoracic	Unknown	N	Unknown	Unknown
Balado and Morea	1928	20/F	Paraparesis	Midthoracic	Unknown	N	No surgery
Kasper and Cowan	1929	6/M	Bleeding to lumbar puncture	C2-T1 and L3-S3	Unknown	N	No surgery
Petit-Dutaillis and Christoph	1931	43/F	Paraplegia	T6-T10	Unknown	N	Surgery	Recovery
Ehni and Love	1945	30/F	Paraplegia	T6-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Ehni and Love	1945	67/M	Paraparesis	T8-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Bucy and Ritchey	1947	33/M	Paraparesis	C6-T5	Posterolateral	N	Surgery+RT	Improved
Taylor et al.	1951	51/F	Paraparesis	T3-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Taylor et al.	1951	44/F	Paraparesis	T10-L1	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Moscatelli and Merigliano	1958	51/M		T4-T7	Posterior	N	Unknown	Unknown
Maier	1962	1.5/F	Paraparesis	T7	Anterior	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Gonzalez-Crusi et al.	1966	20/F	LBP	L1-L4	Anterior	Y	Surgery+RT	Recovery
Gagliardi and Gambacorta	1968	30/M	Paraparesis	T3-T4	Posterior	N	Unknown	Unknown
Lo Re and Michelacci	1969	16/M	Congenital	Cauda	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Lo Re and Michelacci	1969	35/F		Lumbar	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Warot and Petit	1969	57/F	Paraparesis	T4-T6	Posterior	N	Unknown	Unknown
Pearson et al.	1970	17/F	Back pain	T2-T5	Anterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Pearson et al.	1970	22/M	Back pain	T3-T9	Anterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Pearson et al.	1970	44/F	Numbness	T7-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Henry et al.	1971	63/M	Paraparesis	Cervicothoracic	Posterior	N	No surgery	Death due to other causes
Giuffré	1971	36/F		T4-T8	Unknown	N	Unknown	Unknown
Bender et al.	1974	50/F	Paraparesis	T6-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery and late recurrence
Bender et al.	1974	58/M	Paraparesis	T7-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Scanarini and Carteri	1974	57/F	Paraplegia	T7	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Obrador et al.	1977	43/F	Leg pain	T7-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Occhiogrosso &Vailati	1977	34/F	Numbness	T6-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Cull et al.	1978	50/F	Paraparesis	T8-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Cull et al.	1978	45/F	Paraparesis	T6-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Shuangshoti and Hongsagrabhas	1979	45/M		T10-T11	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Schiffer et al.	1980	48/F	Numbness	T10-L1	Anterior	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Goyal	1980	67/F	Paraparesis		Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Dead
Miki et al.	1981	46/F	Numbness	T3-T5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Padovani et al.	1982	50/M	Paraparesis	T4-T6	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Padovani et al.	1982	52/M	Paraparesis	T4-T6	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Hanakita and Koyama	1982	42/M	Gait disturbance	T4-T5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Pasquier et al.	1984	48/F		T8-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Butti et al.	1984	44/M	Paresthesia right arm	C6-C7	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Butti et al.	1984	50/F	Numbness in legs	L4-L5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Bardosi et al.	1985	46/M	LBP	T11-L2	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Von Hanwehr et al.	1985	35/M	Numbness of right foot	T6	Anterior	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Haddad et al.	1986	34/M	Numbness of legs	T5-T6	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Haddad et al.	1986	22/M	Back pain	T7-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Griebel et al.	1986	53/F	Paraparesis	T5-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Nishiura et al.	1986	42/M	Numbness in legs	T3-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Nishiura et al.	1986	24/M	LBP	L5-S1	Anterolateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Nishiura et al.	1986	45/M	Numbness in legs	T3-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Matsushima et al.	1987	41/F	Paraparesis	T9-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Rivkind et al.	1986	52/M	Paraparesis	T7	Anterolateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Poon et al.	1988	65/F	Back pain	T8-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Parizel	1989	37/F		T4-T8	Unknown	N	Surgery
Anson et al.	1990	58/F	Back pain	T2-T6	Posterolateral	N	Surgery+RT	Recovery
Anson et al.	1990	65/F	Paraparesis	T1-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Unchanged
Kuroda et al.	1990	73/F	Numbness in left leg	T4	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Weill et al.	1991	46/F	Paraparesis	T7-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Mascalchi et al.	1991	42/F	Numbness of left toe	T5-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Rubin et al.	1992	58/M	Paraparesis	T8-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Stranjalis et al.	1992	68/F	Paraparesis	T5-T6	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Pagni and Canavero	1992	56/F	LBP	L3	Anterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Pagni and Canavero	1992	59/F	LBP	L4-L5	Anterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Mimata	1992	60/M		T5-T8	Unknown	N	Surgery	Recovery
Yamashita et al.	1993	57/M	Gait disturbance	T3-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Shibata	1993	38/F	Paraparesis	T4-T6	Unknown	N	Surgery	Recovery
Preul et al.	1993	45/F	Numbness in legs	T7-T11	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Preul et al.	1993	58/M	Back pain	T3	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Unchanged
Michilli et al.	1993	12/M	LBP	T5-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Sakaki et al.	1993	67/M	Leg pain	T12-L1	Lateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Fernandez et al.	1994	14/F	Paraplegia	T5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Fernandez et al.	1994	28/M	Paraplegia	C7-T4	Posterior	N	Surgery	Unchanged
Turanzas et al.	1994	25/M	Paraparesis	T6-T8	Anterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Balbo	1995	41/M	Paraparesis	T6-T7	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Bouramas	1995	27/F	Numbness in legs	T2-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
O‘Donovan	1996	54/M	Back pain	T3-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Trabulo et al.	1996	26/F	Back pain	T2-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Trabulo et al.	1996	72/M	Paraparesis	T6	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Provenzale & McLendon	1996	38/F	LBP	Lumbar	Posterior	N	Surgery	Unknown
Provenzale & McLendon	1996	61/F	Paraparesis	Thoracic (2 tumors)	Posterior	N	Surgery	Unknown
Provenzale & McLendon	1996	42/F	Back pain	Thoracic	Posterior	N	Surgery	Unknown
Krishnan et al.	1996	55/F	Paraparesis	T6-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Boockvar et al.	1997	34/F	Back pain	T3-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Shuangshoti & Lerdlum	1997	21/M	Paraparesis	T1-T2	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Sakaida	1998	72/M	Numbness in legs	T3-T5	Anterior	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Labram et al.	1999	40/F	Back pain	C6-T3	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Labram et al.	1999	68/F	Back pain	T5-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Labram et al.	1999	17/M	Back pain	C5-T3	Circumferential	N	Surgery	Recovery
Turgut	1999	54/F	Paraparesis	T4-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Kujas	1999	67/F	Paraparesis	T6	Anterior	N	Surgery	Worsened
Oge et al.	1999	72/M	Paraparesis	T2-T5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
El Abbadi	1999	38	Paraparesis	T10-T11	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Bailey et al.	2000	44/F	Numbness in legs	T3-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Al-Anazi et al.	2000	38/F	Numbness of both legs	T5-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Andaluz et al.	2000	24/F	Paraparesis	T7-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery+embolization	Recovery
Andaluz et al.	2000	39/F	Numbness in legs	T6-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Andaluz et al.	2000	59/F	Paraparesis	T4-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Andaluz et al	2000	69/M	Paraparesis	T3-T4	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Akhaddar et al.	2000	47/F	Numbness in legs	T4-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Akhaddar et al.	2000	46/F	Paraparesis	T7-T9	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Akhaddar et al.	2000	38/F	Numbness in legs	T3-T5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Akhaddar et al.	2000	46/F	Paraparesis	T3-T4	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Akhaddar et al.	2000	12/F	Paraparesis	T7-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Akhaddar et al.	2000	64/F	Leg pain	T2-T4	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Akhaddar et al.	2000	58/M	Numbness in legs	T3-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Akhaddar et al.	2000	47/M	Back pain	T3-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Amlashi et al.	2001	36/F	LBP	T2-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Fourney et al.	2001	46/F	Numbness in legs	T6-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Garg et al.	2002	12/F	Paraparesis	T1-T11	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Improved
Gelabert et al.	2002	4/M	Paraparesis	T2-T5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Pinto et al.	2002	85/M	Leg pain	L1-L2	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Samdani et al.	2004	49/F	LBP	T6-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Aversa do Souto et al.	2003	46/F	LBP	L4-L5	Anterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Rocchi et al.	2004	60/M	Leg pain	L3-L4	Anterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Rocchi et al.	2004	54/F	Leg pain	L3	Anterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Rabin et al.	2004	47/M	Numbness in legs	T9	Anterior	Y	Embolization+Surgery	Recovery
Petrella et al.	2005	16/M	LBP	T4-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Cubillos et al.	2005	40/F	Numbness in legs	T4-T7	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Konya et al.	2006	60/F	LBP	L5	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Dogan et al.	2006	50/F	Leg pain	L4-L5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Dogan et al.	2006	36/M	LBP	L2	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Raghavendra et al	2007	14/F	Subarachnoid hemorrhage and acute back pain	T1-T9	Posterior	N	No surgery	Unchanged
Guzey et al.	2007	41/F	LBP and leg pain	L2-L3	Posterolateral	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Akhaddar et al.	2008	47/M	Paraparesis	T2-T3	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Nanassis et al.	2008	47/F	LBP and leg pain	L2-L3	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Farooq et al.	2008	57/F	LBP and numbness in legs	T5-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Yen et al.	2008	71/M	Back pain and progressive paraparesis	T5-T6	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Hungs et al.	2008	52/F	Back pain and leg pain	T2-T5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Park et al.	2008	74/M	LBP	L5-S1	Lateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Gelabert-Gonzalez et al.	2009	16/M	LBP	L5-S1	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Gelabert-Gonzalez et al.	2009	45/F	Paraparesis and numbness	L5-S1	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Dufrenot et al.	2010	44/F					Surgery	Recovery
Sankaran et al.	2010	77/M	Post-traumatic bleeding and acute paraparesis	T8-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Haji et al.	2011	65/F	Numbness in legs	T5-T7	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Diyora et al.	2011	20/M	Back pain and paraparesis	T5-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Tsutsumi et al.	2011	31/F	Paraplegia	T3-T4	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Chotai et al.	2011	68/M	Back pain and numbness in legs	T9-T11	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Han et al.	2012	58/M	Leg dysesthesia and paraparesis	T4-T5	Posterolateral	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Ghanta et al.	2012	56/M	Leg numbness and gait disturbance	T4-T5	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Fujiwara et al.	2013	64/F	Leg dysesthesia	T5-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Fujiwara et al.	2013	65/M	Leg dysesthesia and gait disturbance	T5-T7	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Reyes et al.	2013	68/M	LBP	T10-L1	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Si et al.	2014	50/M	NR	L3-L4	Posterior	N	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	53/M	NR	T4-T7	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Si et al.	2014	58/M	NR	T9-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Si et al.	2014	41/F	NR	T5-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	19/F	NR	C3-C6	Posterior	N	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	26/F	NR	C4-C6	Posterolateral	N	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	63/F	NR	T7-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Si et al.	2014	62/F	NR	T8-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Si et al.	2014	74/F	NR	L4-L5	Lateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Si et al.	2014	55/M	NR	T3-T5	Lateral	N	Surgery	Recovery
Si et al.	2014	62/M	NR	L4-L5	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Si et al.	2014	61/M	NR	T11-L3	Posterior	Y	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	43/F	NR	T7-T9	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Improved
Si et al.	2014	57/M	NR	T5-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	69/F	NR	T4-T6	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Unchanged
Si et al.	2014	62/M	NR	T4-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Si et al.	2014	47/F	NR	T2-T3	Posterior	Y	Surgery	Improved
Si et al.	2014	50/F	NR	T2-T4	Posterolateral	N	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	37/M	NR	T4-T7	Posterior	N	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	51/F	NR	T4-T5	Posterior	N	Surgery
Si et al.	2014	59/F	NR	T8-T11			Surgery
Ramdasi et al.	2014	58/M	Paraplegia	C7-T1			Surgery	Recovery
Wang et al.	2014	47/F	Paraparesis	T3-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Wang et al.	2014	36/M	Leg pain	L3-S2	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Wang et al.	2014	46/F	Back pain	T2-T4	Lateral	Y	Surgery	Recovery
Wang et al.	2014	50/M	Back pain	T1-T3	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Wang et al.	2014	47/F	Numbness in legs	L2-L4	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Wang et al.	2014	46/M	Paraparesis	T11-T12	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Wang et al.	2014	54/M	Leg pain	L3-L4	Posterolateral	Y	Surgery	Improved
Wang et al.	2014	44/F	Numbness in legs	T8-T11	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Wang et al.	2014	55/F	Leg pain	L5-S1	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Wang et al.	2014	47/M	LBP	L2-L3	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Wang et al.	2014	49/F	LBP	L2-L3	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Wang et al.	2014	55/F	Numbness in legs	T6-T8	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
da Costa et al.	2014	43/M	Paraplegia	T9-T10	Posterior	N	Surgery	Improved
Nakao et al.	2014	32/F	Leg numbness and paraparesis	T1-T6	Posterior	N	Surgery	Recovery
Nadi et al.	2015	50/F	Back pain and paraparesis	T6-T9	Posterolateral	Y	Surgery	Improved
Present case	2015	65/F	LBP and paraparesis	T8-T10	Posterolateral	N	Surgery	Recovery

M: male; F: female; LBP: low back pain; NR: not reported; N: no; Y: yes; RT: radiotherapy.