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An update on bone substitutes for spinal fusion

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Abstract

With the current advances in spinal surgery, an understanding of the precise biological mechanism of each bone substitute is necessary for inducing successful spinal fusion. In this review, the categories of bone substitutes include allografts, ceramics, demineralized bone matrix, osteoinductive factors, autogenous platelet concentrate, mesenchymal stem cells, and gene therapy. Further, clinical studies have been evaluated by their levels of evidence in order to elucidate the precise effect of the bone substitute employed and to establish clinical guidance. This article will review both clinical studies based on evidence and basic research in current advances in order to avoid as far as possible any chances of failure in the future and to understand cellular biology in novel technologies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oita University, Oita, 879-5593, Japan

    Masashi Miyazaki & Hiroshi Tsumura

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Jeffrey C. Wang

  3. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey

    Ahmet Alanay

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  1. Masashi Miyazaki
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  4. Ahmet Alanay
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Correspondence to Ahmet Alanay.

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Miyazaki, M., Tsumura, H., Wang, J.C. et al. An update on bone substitutes for spinal fusion. Eur Spine J 18, 783–799 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-009-0924-x

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