Elsevier

The Spine Journal

Volume 17, Issue 12, December 2017, Pages 1866-1874
The Spine Journal

Clinical Study
Efficacy of Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in posterolateral lumbar fusion: an open, active-controlled, randomized, multicenter trial

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2017.06.023Get rights and content
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open access

Abstract

Background Context

The efficacy and safety of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) as a bone graft substitute in spinal fusion has been widely researched. However, no study of the efficacy and safety of Escherichia coli-derived rhBMP-2 (E.BMP-2) with a hydroxyapatite (HA) carrier has been proposed.

Purpose

This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of fusion materials between E.BMP-2 and autogenous iliac bone graft in posterolateral fusion (PLF).

Study Design/Setting

An open, active-controlled, randomized, multicenter trial was carried out.

Patient Sample

This study included 93 patients who underwent single-level lumbar or lumbosacral PLF.

Outcome Measures

The primary outcome measure was computed tomography (CT)-based fusion rate at 12 and 24 weeks. Secondary outcome measures were fusion grade by radiographs and CT at 12 and 24 weeks and changes in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey, and visual analogue scale (VAS).

Methods

Patients who underwent 1-level PLF (between L1 and S1) for severe spinal stenosis or grade 1 spondylolisthesis were randomized to receive E.BMP-2 with an HA carrier (E.BMP-2 group) or autogenous iliac bone graft (AIBG group). Thin-section CT (<2 mm), VAS, ODI, and SF-36 were obtained pre- and postoperatively at 12 and 24 weeks. Outcome measures were compared between the groups.

Results

A total of 100 patients were enrolled in this trial. Among them, 93 patients underwent planned surgery. Preoperative demographic and clinical data showed no difference between groups. CT-based fusion rates were 100.0% (41/41) for the E.BMP-2 group and 90.2% (46/51) for the AIBG group (p=.062) at 12 weeks and 100.0% (41/41) and 94.1% (48/51) (p=.251) at 24 weeks, respectively. Fusion grade based on radiographs and CT showed non-inferiority of the E.BMP-2 group compared with the AIBG group. All clinical parameters improved postoperatively. However, there was no difference in changes in VAS, ODI, or SF-36 between the groups. No serious adverse event related to E.BMP-2 was found.

Conclusions

The fusion rate of E.BMP-2 was comparable with that of AIBG following PLF. Good clinical efficacy and safety of E.BMP-2 in spinal fusion were also revealed. It was also suggested that HA shows suitability as a carrier for E.BMP-2. Thus, E.BMP-2 with an HA carrier can be an alternative bone graft material in spinal fusion.

Keywords

Carrier
Clinical trial
E. coli
Hydroxyapatite
Iliac bone graft
Lumbar
Posterolateral fusion
rhBMP-2

Cited by (0)

FDA device/drug status: Investigational (Novosis, E. coli-derived rhBMP-2).

Author disclosures: JHC: Grant: CG Bio/BioAlpha Inc (E, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. JHL: Grant: Bio alph (D, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work; Stock Ownership: Bio alpha (D), outside the submitted work. JSY: Grant: CG Bio/BioAlpha Inc (D, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. BSC: Grant: CG Bio/BioAlpha Inc (E, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. JJY: Nothing to disclose. KHK: Grant: CG Bio/BioAlpha Inc (D, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. CJH: Grant: CG Bio/BioAlpha Inc (E, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. KBL: Grant: Bio alph (E, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. HJK: Nothing to disclose. CKL: Grant: CG Bio/BioAlpha Inc (D, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. HK: Nothing to disclose. KSS: Grant: Bio alpha (D, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. WDN: Grant: Bio alph (E, Paid directly to institution), pertaining to the submitted work. JH: Nothing to disclose.

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