Eight cases of vertebral haemangioma causing spinal cord or nerve root compression are described, together with one other which was not causing organic signs or symptoms. The compression was due to extradural tumour in 5 cases, bony expansion encroaching on the neural canal in 2 cases, and a combination of bony expansion and extradural tumour in one case. When present the classical radiological appearance of accentuated vertical striation or honeycomb pattern is easily recognized, but atypical features, such as apparent pedicular erosion, paravertebral soft tissue mass and bony expansion, may occur, making diagnosis more diffcult. In 2 cases the correct diagnosis was not made before surgery. In one of these there were no plain film changes and in the other a metastasis was considered the more likely diagnosis. In the asymptomatic case the absence of extra-osseous extension was an important factor in excluding any possible clinical significance of the haemangioma. The great importance of pre-operative spinal angiography is stressed.