Health-Related Predictive Factors of Brazilian Children With Early Onset Scoliosis Using the EOSQ-24 and CHQ-PF50 Questionnaires

Rodrigo Góes Medéa De Mendonça; Wesley Wilian Costa Martins; Patricia Maria de Moraes Barros Fucs; Alberto Ofenhejm Gotfryd; Maria Fernanda Silber Caffaro; Olavo Biraghi Letaif; Raphael Marcon; Alexandre Fogaça Cristante; Henry Dan Kiyomoto; Tânia Fernanda Cardoso da Silva; Hiroko Matsumoto; Michael G Vitale; Robert Meves

doi:10.14444/8529

Health-Related Predictive Factors of Brazilian Children With Early Onset Scoliosis Using the EOSQ-24 and CHQ-PF50 Questionnaires

Int J Spine Surg. 2023 Oct;17(5):638-644. doi: 10.14444/8529. Epub 2023 Sep 8.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil rodrigomedea@gmail.com.
² Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
³ Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Physiotherapy, Centro Universitário da Faculdade das Americas, São Paulo, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁶ Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
⁷ Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery Department, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

PMID: 37684053
PMCID: PMC10623678
DOI: 10.14444/8529

Abstract

Background: Assessing the quality of life (QOL) of children with early onset scoliosis (EOS) has been discussed recently. Therefore, the study aimed to apply and correlate the 24-item Early Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire (EOSQ-24) with the 50-item Childhood Health Questionnaire (CHQ-PF50) to find predictive factors impacting QOL.

Methods: Cross-sectional study involving a population of caregivers of patients with EOS. The sample consisted of 72 patients. Two research assistants applied the Portuguese version of the EOSQ-24 and CHQ-PF50 in 3 treatment centers. The EOSQ-24 assesses the subjective response of children with EOS from the parent's point of view. The CHQ is a self-administered questionnaire or parental proxy assessment of the psychological and social status of children aged 5 to 18 years.

Results: Of 72 patients, 41 (56.9%) were females, mean age of 11.9 ± 4.2 years. The most common scoliosis was of neuromuscular origin (32%). The CHQ-PF50 showed that family-related items had significant scores. The most affected subcategory was physical function (45.5), and the least affected was mental health (90.8). Thus, the CHQ-PF50 PhS summary index was 27, and the CHQ-PF50 PsS was 71.7. Moreover, the critical categories for the EOSQ-24 questionnaire were daily life and physical function (45.1 and 47.8, respectively), and the least affected categories were transfer and pulmonary function (70.8 and 68.9, respectively). Four subcategories showed a strong correlation between both questionnaires: general health (r = 0.749, P < 0.001), physical function (r = 0.645, P < 0.001), bodily pain (r = 0.714, P < 0.001), and mental health (r = 0.424, P < 0.001). Using CHQ-PF50 as a dependent variable in multiple regression analysis (P = 0.028), the only variable affecting the scores was syndromic scoliosis (P = 0.019; 95% CI -27.4 to -2.5).

Conclusion: A strong correlation between both questionnaires was seen for general health, physical function, bodily pain, and mental health. Syndromic scoliosis was a predictor of worse QOL according to the CHQ-PF50.

Keywords: Brazilian Portuguese translation; CHQ-PF50; EOSQ-24; cross-cultural adaptation; early onset scoliosis (EOS); quality of life; spine; validation.

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