There continues to be considerable controversy regarding the management of thoracolumbar
burst fractures. Most feel that failure of the middle osteoligamentous complex, particularly …

Prior to implantation, medical devices are subjected to rigorous testing to ensure safety and
efficacy. A full battery of testing protocols for implantable spinal devices may include many …

: A combined finite element and optimization approach to study the effects of muscles on the
biomechanics of the lumbar spine was initiated. Briefly, a three-dimensional, nonlinear, …

For understanding of the mechanical causes of low-back pain, knowledge of the biomechanics
of the various spinal elements is essential. In this in vitro biomechanical study, in situ …

Study Design Subjects were exposed to fatiguing and restorative interventions to assess
their response to sudden loads. Objectives To investigate the erector spinae and rectus …

Study Design. A finite element model of the ligamentous cervical spinal segment was used
to compute loads in various structures in response to clinically relevant loading modes. …

Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element models of the intact L4–5 one motion segments/two-vertebrae
and L3–5 two motion segments/three-vertebrae were developed using …

Study Design. A nonlinear three-dimensional finite element model of the osteoligamentous
L3–L4 motion segment was used to predict changes in posterior element loads as a function …

Internal fixation with instrumentation often accompanies surgical fusion to augment spinal
stability, provide temporary fixation while the surgical fusion mass unites, and enhance …

Study Design. To determine the effect of cage/spacer stiffness on the stresses in the bone
graft and cage subsidence. Objective. To investigate the effect of cage stiffness on the …