Background In the search for better surgical treatment of chronic low‐back pain (LBP) in the
presence of disc degeneration, total disc replacement has received increasing attention in …

Purpose To evaluate long-term clinical results of lumbar total disc replacement (TDR)
compared with posterior lumbar fusion. Methods This prospective randomized controlled …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Fusion is considered the “gold standard” in surgical treatment of
degenerated disc disease; the intended postoperative goal is absence of mobility, but …

Objectives We assessed disagreements between nonrandomized controlled studies based
on real-world data (NRCS-RWDs) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Study Design …

Background The current generation of total disc replacements achieves excellent short-and
medium-term results by focusing on restoring the quantity of motion. Recent studies indicate …

Purpose Increased focus has been put on the use of “'real-world” data to support
randomized clinical trial (RCT) evidence for clinical decision-making. The objective of this …

Study Design: Observational study of prospectively collected data. Objectives: Patients with
chronic low back pain resistant to nonoperative treatment often face a poor prognosis for …

Purpose The primary goal of this Policy Statement is to educate patients, physicians,
medical providers, reviewers, adjustors, case managers, insurers, and all others involved or …

Low back pain consumes a large part of the community's resources dedicated to health care
and sick leave. Back disorders also negatively affect the individual leading to pain suffering …

Background Fusion surgery in the rare patients suffering from symptomatic degenerative
disc disease (DDD) at three segments has been reported to produce poor results and a high …