Background context Choosing appropriate surgical patients in the setting of spinal metastases
can be challenging. Existing scoring systems focus primarily on patient selection or …

This article reviews the historical context, indications, techniques, and complications of four
posterior fixation techniques to stabilize the subaxial cervical spine. Specifically, posterior …

Background Current literature suggests that anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF)
and cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) have comparable clinical outcomes for the treatment of …

Malingering is a condition in which patients exaggerate incapacity. Feigned hand weakness
is one form of malingering, and it is often seen after work-related hand injuries. Malingering …

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon
disease, usually affecting the cranium and peripheral bones. We present a rare case of …

Hand signs (called mudras in Sanskrit) play an important role in Buddhist art. They represent
specific events from the life of Sidharta Gautama, the founder of Buddhism. These events …

The word Doppler is used synonymously in hand surgery for evaluating patency of vascular
structures; however, the science and history behind the Doppler effect are not as well-known…

The authors report an unusual case of bilateral large petrous apex cephaloceles in a 14-year-old
boy with a history of recurrent meningitis. Although these lesions are rare and usually …

Free markets ensure consumer welfare be-cause they self-regulate through competition.
For example, the price of toothpaste is relatively constant across brands. Colgate cannot …

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) of the cauda equina is rare, with only
four reported patients in the literature. We present a 70-year-old woman with a history of left …