BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Disc degeneration (DD) is a multifaceted chronic process that
alters the structure and function of the intervertebral discs and can lead to painful conditions. …

Discogenic back pain is multifactorial; hence, physicians often struggle to identify the underlying
source of the pain. As a result, discogenic back pain is often hard to treat—even more …

Objective. To assess the effect glycemic control has on perioperative morbidity and mortality
in patients undergoing elective degenerative lumbar spine surgery. Summary of …

Background: There are no proven radiographic guidelines for predicting fracture risk in
children and young adults with a benign skeletal lesion. An in vivo diagnostic study was …

Discectomy procedures alleviate disability caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation, but
do not repair herniation-induced annulus fibrosus (AF) defects. Cell therapy shows promise …

Background and Objectives: Since its advent more than 50 years ago, the use of discography
has been mired in controversy. The purpose of this review is to provide a clinical overview …

Object In recent years, there has been increased interest in the use of cervical disc replacement
(CDR) as an alternative to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). While ACDF …

Study Design Retrospective population-based observational study. Objective To assess the
growth of cervical spine surgery performed in an outpatient setting. Methods A retrospective …

Background Context Painfulintervertebral disc degeneration is extremely common and
costly. Effective treatments are lacking because the nature of discogenic pain is complex with …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and pathological spinal changes are major causes of
back pain, which is the top cause of global disability. Obese and diabetic individuals are at …