Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are debilitating injuries frequently suffered
by athletes. ACL reconstruction is indicated to restore knee stability and allow patients to …

Thousands of transiting exoplanets have been discovered, but spectral analysis of their
atmospheres has so far been dominated by a small number of exoplanets and data spanning …

Background With an aging population, fragility fractures including injuries to the proximal
humerus continue to rise in the United States. The purpose of this study was to investigate …

Over evolutionary time humans have developed a complex biological relationship with soils.
Here we describe modes of soil exposure and their biological implications. We consider two …

Water is predicted to be among the most abundant (if not the most abundant) molecular species
after hydrogen in the atmospheres of close-in extrasolar giant planets (‘hot Jupiters’) 1 , …

Exoplanets orbiting close to their parent stars may lose some fraction of their atmospheres
because of the extreme irradiation 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 . Atmospheric mass loss primarily affects …

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) optical and near-ultraviolet transmission spectra
of the transiting hot Jupiter HD 189733b, taken with the repaired Space Telescope Imaging …

A key legacy of the recently launched the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission
will be to provide the astronomical community with many of the best transiting exoplanet …

Measuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is considered
a crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems 1 , 2 . …

The hot Jupiter HD 189733b is the most extensively observed exoplanet. Its atmosphere has
been detected and characterized in transmission and eclipse spectroscopy, and its phase …