OBJECTIVE Open spinal fusion surgery is often associated with significant blood loss,
postoperative pain, and prolonged recovery times. Seeking to minimize surgical and perioperative …

OBJECTIVE Lumbar fusion is typically associated with high degrees of pain and immobility.
The implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) approach has been …

Endoscopic LIF surgery was developed to further reduce the morbidity associated with more
invasive lumbar fusion surgeries. The indications for endoscopic procedures are similar to …

Introduction Brain retraction is often required to develop a surgical corridor during the
resection of deep-seated intracranial lesions. Traditional blade retractors distribute pressure …

Innovations in surgical techniques and technologies have enabled spine surgeons to offer
patients less morbid alternatives to traditional spine procedures. This review will explore the …

TDevelopment of artificial intel-ligence (AI) models to enhance data collection and analysis
within the field of medicine continues to thrive, but many view such developments with …

OBJECTIVE Hybrid SPECT with CT imaging has been used to help elucidate pain generators
in patients with axial neck and back pain, identifying potential sites for treatment. Few …

Background In transsphenoidal endoscopic endonasal surgery (TEES), watertight separation
of the sinonasal cavity and intracranial compartment is the primary goal of closure. …

OBJECTIVE The past decade has seen major advances in techniques for treating more
complex spinal disorders using minimally invasive surgery (MIS). While appealing from the …

Objective To discuss lessons learned from an initial lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF)
experience with a focus on evolving surgical technique, complication avoidance, and new …