OBJECTIVE: The microendoscopic discectomy (MED) technique was initially developed in
1997 to treat herniated lumbar disc disease. Since then, thousands of cases have been …

… blood loss, hospital stay, and medication use in the series of microendoscopic
laminoforaminotomy patients operated on in the sitting position (from, Khoo LT, Laich DT, …

The human umbilical cord (UC) and placenta are non-invasive, primitive and abundant
sources of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that have increasingly gained attention because …

Minimally invasive spinal surgery is one of the recent developments in the long history of
our intellectual and technologic evolution in understanding and treating spinal disease. The …

Object There is currently no biologic therapy to repair or restore a degenerated intervertebral
disc. A potential solution may rest with embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which have a potential …

Background: With the COVID-19 pandemic disrupting many facets of our society, physicians
and patients have begun using telemedicine as a platform for the delivery of health care. …

Object. Various approaches exist for the treatment of thoracic disc herniation. Anterior
approaches facilitate ventral exposure but place the intrathoracic contents at risk. Posterolateral …

Human umbilical cord (hUC) blood and tissue are non-invasive sources of potential stem/progenitor
cells with similar cell surface properties as bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). …

Conceived by Spurling and Scoville [1] in 1944, posterior cervical foraminotomy has been
historically proven as an effective and safe method for treating foraminal stenosis resulting …

Minimally invasive spine surgery has its roots in the mid-twentieth century with a few surgeons
and a few techniques, but it has now developed into a large field of progressive spinal …