In humans, mutations in the PIEZO2 gene, which encodes for a mechanosensitive ion channel,
were found to result in skeletal abnormalities including scoliosis and hip dysplasia. Here, …

Maintaining posture requires tight regulation of the position and orientation of numerous
spinal components. Yet, surprisingly little is known about this regulatory mechanism, whose …

Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs (GTOs) are two types of sensory receptors that
respond to changes in length or tension of skeletal muscles. These mechanosensors have long …

Study Design: Systematic review. Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a
progressive neurodegenerative disease, ultimately resulting in paralysis and death. The condition …

Background A diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy is based largely on clinical examination,
including provocative testing. The most common maneuver was described in 1944 by …

Osteoporotic compression spine fractures have a different clinical course and outcomes when
compared to spinal fractures occurring in the younger population. Only a few studies have …

Background The S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screw is a modification of the iliac fixation technique using
the space between the neuroforamina of S1 and S2 as an insertion point to fix the sacrum …

Successful fracture repair requires restoration of bone morphology and mechanical integrity.
Recent evidence shows that fractured bones of neonatal mice undergo spontaneous …

Treatment of fractured bones involves correction of displacement or angulation, known as
reduction. However, angulated long-bone fractures in infants often heal and regain proper …

By translating mechanical forces into molecular signals, proprioceptive neurons provide the
CNS with information on muscle length and tension, which is necessary to control posture …