Lumbar disc degeneration is one of the leading causes of chronic low back pain. The
degenerative cascade is often initiated by an imbalance between catabolic and anabolic …

Study Design: Systematic review. Objective: To date there is no consensus among surgeons
as to what defines an MIS-TLIF (transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using minimally …

Innovative technology and techniques have revolutionized minimally invasive spine surgery
(MIS) within the past decade. The introduction of navigation and image-guided surgery has …

Tissue-engineered approaches for the treatment of early-stage intervertebral disc degeneration
have shown promise in preclinical studies. However, none of these therapies has been …

Objective The aim is assessing the in vivo efficacy of annulus fibrosus (AF) cells seeded into
collagen by enhancing the reparative process around annular defects and preventing …

BACKGROUND Sagittal alignment is an important consideration in spine surgery. The
literature is conflicted regarding the effect of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody …

The human intervertebral disc (IVD) is a complex organ composed of fibrous and cartilaginous
connective tissues, and it serves as a boundary between 2 adjacent vertebrae. It provides …

BACKGROUND Our group has previously demonstrated in vivo annulus fibrosus repair in
animal models using an acellular, riboflavin crosslinked, high-density collagen (HDC) gel. …

Background: In patients with symptomatic lumbar stenosis undergoing lateral transpsoas
approach for lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) surgery, it is not always clear when indirect …

Background: Image-guided spinal surgery (IGSS) underwent rapid development over the past
decades. The goal of IGSS is to increase patient safety and improve workflow. We present …