Background: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMPs) can induce bone
formation, but the inability to identify an ideal delivery system limits their clinical application. …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Surgical site infection (SSI) is a serious and costly complication
of spine surgery. Many surgeons apply vancomycin powder to the surgical wound to prevent …

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive surgery decreases postoperative pain and disability.
However, limited views of the surgical field require extensive use of intraoperative fluoroscopy …

Study Design. A morphometric analysis, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies
of the lumbar spine. Objective. To identify the anatomic position of the ventral root and the …

BACKGROUND Spondylolysis is a defect of the pars interarticularis of vertebrae, most
commonly seen at L5 and L4. The etiology of spondylolysis and isthmic spondylolisthesis is …

Background In previous studies, Propionibacterium acnes was cultured from intervertebral
disc tissue of ~25% of patients undergoing microdiscectomy, suggesting a possible link …

Study Design. The risk for transection of the medial branch nerve (MBN) after minimally
invasive insertion of pedicle screws was evaluated in a human cadaver model. Objective. The …

Despite the fact that the enzyme-like activities of nanozymes (ie, nanomaterial-based artificial
enzymes) are highly associated with their surface properties, little is known about the …

Study Design. Controlled laboratory and cross-sectional study designs. Objective. To determine
psoas major (PM) muscle architectural properties, in vivo sarcomere-length operating …

Objective: Bone graft substitutes have been developed because there is a limited supply of
autogenous graft and the harvesting of iliac crest bone graft is associated with significant …