Background Although various subaxial cervical pedicle screw implantation techniques have
been proposed, clinical operators have been unable to exactly determine the entry points …

Successful placement of cervical pedicle screws requires accurate identification of both
entry point and trajectory. However, literature has not provided consistent recommendations …

Study design Radiographic comparative study with prospectively collected data. Objectives
To assess the accuracy of subaxial cervical pedicle screw (CPS) placement with freehand …

Abstract Background Cervical Pedicle Screw (CPS) placement is a challenging work due to
the high risk of neurovascular complications. Although there have been several different free …

OBJECTIVE The small diameter of cervical pedicles and a large transverse cervical pedicle
angle are challenges that have led spinal surgeons to investigate how they could achieve a …

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of operative data from cadaveric cervical spines.
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of neuronavigation compared with laminotomy with …

Background Posterior cervical pedicle screw (CPS) internal fixation has better
biomechanical stability than other posterior cervical fixation methods. However, this …

Study Design: A radiological study and workshop. Objective: To propose a novel technique
for subaxial cervical pedicle screw (CPS) insertion via the nonanatomic axis (nAA) and …

Study design This is a cadaver specimen study to confirm new pedicle screw (PS) entry
point and trajectory for subaxial cervical PS insertion. Objective To assess the accuracy of …

This study aimed to review information on the subaxial cervical pedicle screw (CPS)
including recent anatomical considerations, entry points, placement techniques, accuracy …