RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Predictive Factors and Rates of Fusion in Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Utilizing rhBMP-2 or Mesenchymal Stem Cells JF International Journal of Spine Surgery JO Int J Spine Surg FD International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery SP 46 OP 52 DO 10.14444/6007 VO 13 IS 1 A1 SAMUEL C. OVERLEY A1 STEVEN J. MCANANY A1 MUHAMMAD A. ANWAR A1 ROBERT K. MERRILL A1 ANDREW LOVY A1 JAVIER Z. GUZMAN A1 SERGEY ZHADANOV A1 AMISH DOSHI A1 EDWARD ROTHENBERG A1 AVANI VAISHNAV A1 CATHERINE GANG A1 SHEERAZ A. QURESHI YR 2019 UL http://ijssurgery.com//content/13/1/46.abstract AB Background: Several fusion adjuncts exist to enhance fusion rates during minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF). The objective of this study was to compare fusion rates in patients undergoing MI-TLIF with either rhBMP-2 or cellularized bone matrix (CBM).Methods: We conducted a single surgeon retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent MI-TLIF with either rhBMP-2 or CBM placed in an interbody cage. Single and multilevel procedures were included. Fusion was assessed on computed tomography scans at 12-month follow-up by an independent, blinded, board-certified neuroradiologist. Fusion rates and rate of revision surgery were compared with a Fisher exact test between the 2 groups. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify patient factors that were predictive of radiographic nonunion after MI-TLIF.Results: A total of 93 fusion levels in 78 patients were reviewed. Thirty-nine patients received CBM, and 39 patients received rhBMP-2. The patients receiving rhBMP-2 were older on average (61.4 vs 55.6, P = .03). The overall fusion rate was 68% in the CBM group (32/47 levels) and 78% in the rhBMP-2 group (36/46) (P = .35). Only preoperative hypertension was predictive of radiographic nonunion (odds ratio = 3.5, P = .05). There were 3 smokers in the CBM group and 4 smokers in the BMP group, and 1 in each group experienced radiographic pseudarthrosis. A total of 4 patients, 3 in the CBM group and 1 in the BMP group (P = .61), required revision for symptomatic pseudarthrosis. All of these patients had a single-level index procedure.Conclusions: There were no differences in radiographic fusion and rate of revision surgery in patients who underwent MI-TLIF with either rhBMP-2 or CBM as fusion adjuncts.Level of Evidence: 3Clinical Relevance: Both rhBMP-2 and CBMs can be used as effective fusion adjuncts without any clear advantage of one over the other.