Table 2

Demographic parameters at baseline.

CharacteristicFELD Group (n = 80)Control Group (n = 400) P ValueDifference Between Groups,
Mean (95% CI)
Age, y, n = 80 n = 400
 Mean (SD) (95% CI for mean)32.4 (10.4) (30.1; 34.7)33.2 (10.0) (32.2; 34.2)0.53−0.763 (−3.209; 1.682)
Sex, n (%) n = 80 n = 400
 Men41 (51.3%)205 (51.3%)0.0 (−12.7; 12.7)
 Women39 (48.8%)195 (48.8%)>0.990.0 (−12.7; 12.7)
Body mass index n = 80 n = 400
 Mean (SD) (95% CI for mean)25.0 (4.0) (24.1; 25.9)25.3 (3.3) (25.0; 25.6)0.46−0.309 (−1.173; 0.504)
Smoker, n (%) n = 69 n = 398
 No59 (85.5%)343 (86.2%)−0.7 (−10.5; 9.1)
 Yes10 (14.5%)55 (13.8%)>0.990.7 (−9.1; 10.5)
Leg pain (NRS 0–10) n = 56 n = 389
 Mean (SD) (95% CI for mean)7.34 (1.98) (6.81; 7.87)6.99 (2.18) (6.78; 7.21)0.270.347 (−0.231; 0.936)
Back pain (NRS 0–10) n = 56 n = 388
 Mean (SD) (95% CI for mean)5.11 (2.74) (4.37; 5.84)4.81 (2.83) (4.53; 5.09)0.450.295 (−0.510; 1.080)
Duration of leg pain, n (%) n = 80 n = 400
 <3 mo6 (7.5%)30 (7.5%)
 3–12 mo49 (61.3%)245 (61.3%)
 12–24 mo13 (16.3%)65 (16.3%)
 >24 mo12 (15.0%)60 (15.0%)>0.99
Oswestry Disability Index n = 55 n = 392
 Mean (SD) (95% CI for mean)46.5 (18.5) (41.5; 51.5)46.5 (17.8) (44.7; 48.3)0.97−0.007 (−4.939; 4.958)
Lumbar disc herniation level, n (%) n = 80 n = 400
 L4-L525 (31.3%)153 (38.3%)−7.0 (−19.0; 5.0)
 L5-S155 (68.8%)247 (61.8%)0.297.0 (−5.0; 19.0)
  • Abbreviations: FELD, full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy; NRS, numerical rating scale.