Preoperative and surgical characteristics of Depressed and Non-Depressed patients: mean (standard deviation) or count (proportion).
| Characteristic/Variable | Depressed n=118 | Non-Depressed n=153 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 45.7 (9.2) | 45.5 (8.7) | .876 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.8 (5.4) | 28.8 (6.0) | .984 |
| Time to treatment (days)* | 391.0 (286.5) | 412.7 (372.9) | .614 |
| Male gender | 69 (58.5%) | 85 (55.9%) | .674 |
| Smoker | 65 (55.1%) | 61 (40.1%) | .015 |
| Workers’ Compensation | 86 (72.9%) | 108 (71.1%) | .740 |
| Litigation | 83 (70.3%) | 93 (61.2%) | .117 |
| Strenuous job | 90 (78.3%) | 93 (63.7%) | .011 |
| Currently employed | 108 (91.5%) | 138 (92.0%) | .888 |
|
Education
Less than high school High school Associate degree College Master/Professional |
12 (10.7%) 54 (48.2%) 24 (21.4%) 13 (11.6%) 9 (8.0%) |
26 (18.2%) 68 (47.6%) 25 (17.5%) 13 (9.1%) 11 (7.7%) | .515 |
|
Diagnosis
Discogenic pain Herniated disc Radiculopathy |
50 (42.4%) 37 (31.4%) 30 (25.4%) |
63 (41.4%) 61 (40.1%) 28 (18.4%) | .238 |
|
Number of comorbidities
None 1 comorbidity 2 comorbidities 3 comorbidities |
81 (68.6%) 27 (22.9%) 9 (7.6%) 1 (0.4%) |
108 (71.1%) 36 (23.7%) 8 (5.3%) 0 | .583 |
| Number of re-operations | 4 (3.4%) | 6 (3.9%) | .810 |
| Number of AEs | 8 (6.8%) | 5 (3.3%) | .407 |
|
Number of operated levels
1 level 2 levels 3 levels |
60 (50.8%) 45 (38.1%) 13 (11.0%) |
82 (53.9%) 63 (41.4%) 7 (4.6%) | .136 |
AE: adverse events,
↵* n=112 Depressed and 137 Non-Depressed.