Preoperative Characteristics of Study Population (n = 27)
| No. or Mean ± SD (n = 27) | |
|---|---|
| Male, no. | 14 |
| Age, mean ±SD, y | 49.2 ±9.3 |
| Height, mean ±SD, cm | 171.2 ±8.3 |
| Weight, mean ±SD, kg | 80.7 ±17.6 |
| Pain duration, mean ±SD, mo | 51.1 ±58.1 |
| Nonoperative care | |
| Physiotherapy | 25 |
| Chiropractic care | 15 |
| Acupuncture | 7 |
| Previous surgeries | |
| Discectomy | 12 |
| Laminectomy | 23 |
| Posterolateral fusion procedures | 33 |
| Posterolateral interbody fusion | 1 |
| Levels fused preoperatively | |
| 1 | 18 |
| 2 | 8 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 4 | 1 |
| Smokers | 13 |
| Preoperative employment status | |
| Employed | 19 |
| Not employed | 3 |
| Disabled | 2 |
| Retired | 3 |
| Claim or compensation patients | 2 |