Study Design. Systematic review. Objective. The objectives of this systematic review were to
determine the patient and perioperative risk factors that contribute to infections after spine …

Toll receptor proteins in Drosophila are involved in establishing the dorsal-ventral axis in
embryogenesis as well as participating in the innate immune response to invading pathogens. …

BACKGROUND: In July 2009, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
incorporated postgraduate year 1 (PGY1 intern) level training into all US …

Objective Despite surgical, technological, medical, and anesthetic improvements, patient
outcomes following elective neurosurgical procedures can be associated with high morbidity. …

Object. The use of structural allografts in spinal osteomyelitis remains controversial because
of the perceived risk of persistent infection related to a devitalized graft and spinal hardware…

A society wishes to support and sustain museums so that its artefacts and ideas will be
available to future generations, and A society wishes to support and sustain museums so that its …

BACKGROUND Despite our inability to accurately predict survival in many cancer patients,
a life expectancy of at least 3 mo is historically necessary to be considered for surgical …

OBJECTIVES: Traumatic brain injury is associated with coagulopathy that increases mortality
risk. Viscoelastic hemostatic assays such as thromboelastography (Haemonetics SA, Signy…

Decompressive craniectomy (DC) for the management of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI)
has a long history but remains controversial. Although DC has been shown to improve both …

Importance There is a lack of evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of
pharmacologic venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis among patients who undergo …