Study Design. A prospective, randomized, multicenter, Food and Drug Administration-regulated
Investigational Device Exemption clinical trial. Objective. To evaluate the safety and …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The spine is a complex and vital structure. Its function includes
not only structural support of the body as a whole, but it also serves as a conduit for safe …

Study Design. A biomechanical study comparing two materials for augmentation of
osteoporotic vertebral bodies and vertebral bodies after compression fracture. Objectives. To …

Over the last ten years, the median age of the United States population has increased by 1.4
years, with more than two million additional people who are sixty-five years old or more91. …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The golf swing imparts significant stress on the lumbar spine.
Not surprisingly, low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTVs) are a congenital
vertebral anomaly of the L5–S1 junction in the spine. This alteration may contribute to incorrect …

Study Design. Lumbosacral spondylolisthesis was simulated using four embalmed human
spines, and the path of the L5 nerve was studied. Objectives. To quantify the change in length …

Background Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) are increasingly recognized as a
common anatomical variant associated with altered patterns of degenerative spine changes. …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Vertebral artery (VA) injury can be a catastrophic iatrogenic
complication of cervical spine surgery. Although the incidence is rare, it has serious …

Study Design. This study was a retrospective database review of patients with cervical injuries
admitted to a regional spinal cord injury center over a 9-year period. Objectives. Patients< …