Recent advances in maximum safe glioma resection have included the introduction of a
host of visualization techniques to complement intraoperative white-light imaging of tumors. …

Introduction Fluorescence-guided surgery is one of the rapidly emerging methods of surgical
“theranostics.” In this review, we summarize current fluorescence techniques used in …

Introduction: Acridine orange (AO) was first extracted from coal tar in the late nineteenth
century and was used as a fluorescent dye. In this paper, we review emergent research about …

Background Context Recurrence of lumbar disc herniation (rLDH) is one of the unfavorable
outcomes after microdiscectomy. Prediction of the patient population with increased risk of …

Spinal stenosis (SS) is a multifactorial polyetiological condition characterized by the narrowing
of the spinal canal. This condition is a common source of pain among people over 50 …

OBJECTIVE Microvascular anastomosis is a basic neurosurgical technique that should be
mastered in the laboratory. Human and bovine placentas have been proposed as convenient …

Background: Technological innovations based on light amplification created by stimulated
emission of radiation (LASER) have been used extensively in the field of neurosurgery. …

Objective Fluorescence-guided surgery with protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) as a photodiagnostic
marker is gaining acceptance for resection of malignant gliomas. Current wide-field imaging …

Purpose To assess the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for the assessment
of patients with advanced degenerative lumbar spine disease and describe characteristic …

Introduction In this study, magnetic resonance imaging data was used to (1) model IVD‐specific
gradients of glucose, oxygen, lactate, and pH; and (2) investigate possible effects of …