Background context The role of fusion of lumbar motion segments for the treatment of
intractable low back pain (LBP) from degenerative disc disease (DDD) without deformities or …

Clinicians are required to perform neurological examinations on infants to ensure they meet
developmental milestones. A full neurological examination includes evaluating motor and …

Type II odontoid fractures represent the most common cervical spine injury in the elderly. The
decision for surgical treatment is still controversial, particularly with regard to the elevated …

Background Recently, the incidence of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis with spinal epidural
abscess (SEA) has increased. However, the most appropriate surgical management …

High accuracy in intraoperative computed tomography (iCT) navigation utilizing an intraoperatively
acquired dataset for screw placement in the spine has been reported in the literature. …

… Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Basem Ishak and
Pavlina Lenga. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Pavlina Lenga and PL,GG,ABK,MI,…

The diploic veins serve as an important connection between the extracranial and intracranial
venous systems. They change in size during growth from adolescence to adulthood. The …

Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) is a rare illness
with a steadily increasing incidence. However, comparative analyses of young and older …

Study Design. Epidemiological study. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate trends
in the incidence of spinal infections (SI) and the possible role of substance use disorder (…

Numerous authors over the years have reported that the lumbar ligamentum flavum has two
layers. Our routine cadaveric dissections raised the question whether this understanding is …