Humans are altering the composition of biological communities through a variety of activities
that increase rates of species invasions and species extinctions, at all scales, from local to …

Hospital-acquired infections are most commonly associated with mechanical ventilation,
invasive medical devices, or surgical procedures. Gram-negative bacteria are responsible for …

The most unique feature of Earth is the existence of life, and the most extraordinary feature of
life is its diversity. Approximately 9 million types of plants, animals, protists and fungi inhabit …

Evidence is mounting that extinctions are altering key processes important to the productivity
and sustainability of Earth’s ecosystems 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 . Further species loss will accelerate …

Human alteration of the global environment has triggered the sixth major extinction event in
the history of life and caused widespread changes in the global distribution of organisms. …

Changes in the abundance of species—especially those that influence water and nutrient
dynamics, trophic interactions, or disturbance regime—affect the structure and functioning of …

The relative effects of plant richness (the number of plant functional groups) and composition
(the identity of the plant functional groups) on primary productivity and soil nitrogen pools …

Numbers of species above ground and below ground may be correlated when taxa in both
realms respond similarly to the same or correlated environmental driving variables, …

Antimicrobial-modifying resistance enzymes have traditionally been class specific, having
coevolved with the antibiotics they inactivate. Fluoroquinolones, antimicrobial agents used …

Over the past several decades, a rapidly expanding field of research known as biodiversity
and ecosystem functioning has begun to quantify how the world's biological diversity can, as …