Purpose The primary aim was to measure the safe corridor (SC), surgical incision anterior
margin (AM), and posterior margin (PM) for OLIF bilaterally from L1 to L5. The secondary aim …

METHODS: The vascular window, psoas window, safe window, and incision line anterior
and posterior margins for the ATP approach were measured on abdominal computed …

Background: Although the radiographic parameters for diagnosing central lumbar canal
stenosis are well described, parameters for the diagnosis of neuroforaminal stenosis (NFS) are …

Purpose The primary aim of this study was to describe the feasibility, surgical approach window
(SAW), and incision line (IL) for oblique lateral interbody fusion at L5-S1 (OLIF51) using …

Background The kidneys, ribs, liver, spleen, and iliac crests can pose access-related issues
to the disc space during both anterior-to-psoas (ATP) and transpsoas (TP) surgical …

Introduction: Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare process with significant risk for morbidity
and mortality. Treatment includes an extended course of antibiotics with or without surgery …

METHODS: Anterior, middle, and posterior DSH were measured on 350 female and 350 male
patients between 18 and 35 years of age without spinal pathology. NFD were defined as …

METHODS: We evaluated CT imaging of 55 female and 55 male subjects between 18 and
35 years of age. Those with history of degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, fracture, …

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic initiated rapid widespread
utilization of telemedicine affecting all health care providers, including those in pediatric urology…

… We would also like to thank Gideon Harianja, Lauren Zane, and Thienkim Ho for their
experimental support on early stages of this project that were ultimately not included in the …