The clinical use of electric and electromagnetic fields for fracture healing applications began
in the early 1970s. Since then, several technologies have been developed and shown to …

: Periosteum has been demonstrated to have cell populations, including chondroprogenitor
and osteoprogenitor cells, that can form both cartilage and bone under appropriate …

Microarray analysis of gene expression was performed in the healing femur fractures of 13-week-old
male rats during the inflammatory stage of repair, at 3 days post-fracture, and the …

… have fostered the development of several FDA-approved noninvasive bone growth
stimulation devices for the treatment of fracture nonunion 2,20,21 (also JD Zoltan and JT Ryaby, …

Estrogens play an important but poorly understood role in the maintenance of skeletal mass.
Whereas the mechanisms of estrogen action on bone may be complex, the finding that …

Background Context The most commonly used materials used for interbody cages are
titanium metal and polymer polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Both of these materials have …

In vitro exposure to low-energy, combined magnetic fields (CMF) increased the release of
insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II from human TE-85 osteosarcoma cells. Short-term CMF …

Ultrasound has been proposed as a means to noninvasively assess bone and, particularly,
bone strength and fracture risk. Although there has been some success in this application, …

Corporate establishment of US Food & Drug Administration approved pulsed electromagnetic
fields (PEMFs) for clinical applications has been achieved. However, optimization of …

Background Rotator cuff tears affect millions of individuals each year, often requiring surgical
intervention. However, repair failure remains common. We have previously shown that …