Background Traditionally severe hallux rigidus is treated with arthrodesis. Recently arthroplasty
has been used in order to retain motion at the metatarsophalangeal joint. Aim To assess …

This chapter gives a detailed overview of the structure and function of articular cartilage and
how this structure changes with age. It describes the type and classification of cartilage …

Background Morton's neuroma is a common cause of inter-metatarsal foot pain. Surgical
excision is generally indicated when non-operative measures have been unsuccessful; various …

Spinal epidural abscesses are uncommon, but their incidence is increasing. They represent
a collection of purulent material in the epidural space and most commonly occur in the …

We report the case of a 33-year-old man who presented several times to healthcare
professionals over a 6-week period with a painful swollen right knee. He had a history of chronic …

Genu varum is a relatively common finding in children. There are numerous conditions, both
congenital and acquired which can be responsible with varying prognoses and treatments. …

Fractures of the lateral process of the talus are uncommon, but often overlooked. They can
result in significant functional deficit with residual nonunion and arthritis if not recognized and …

Background Reported outcomes of shoulder hemiarthroplasty for proximal humeral fractures
have been poor due to tuberosity non-union or rotator cuff disruption. Newer designs …

ABSTRACTS Page 1 Objectives: According to the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG)
guidelines, colonoscopy in elderly patients is less likely to be successful and is not without …

Superior migration and malunion of a fractured greater tuberosity can lead to mechanical
subacromial impingement with resultant ongoing pain and limitation of abduction. We describe …