Despite accumulating evidence suggesting local self-maintenance of tissue macrophages
in the steady state, the dogma remains that tissue macrophages derive from monocytes. …

Apoptotic cells are rapidly engulfed by phagocytes to prevent the release of potentially
noxious or immunogenic intracellular materials from the dying cells, thereby preserving the …

IκB kinase-α and -β (IKK-α and IKK-β), the catalytic subunits of the IKK complex, phosphorylate
IκB proteins on specific serine residues, thus targeting IκB for degradation and activating …

More than 50 years ago, cells were observed to die during insect development via a process
that was named 'programmed cell death'. Later, a similar cell death process was found to …

The Fas ligand (FasL), a member of the tumor necrosis factor family, induces apoptosis in
Fas–bearing cells. The membrane–bound human FasL was found to be converted to a soluble …

Fas is a type I membrane protein which mediates apoptosis. Fas ligand (FasL) is a 40 kDa
type II membrane protein expressed in cytotoxic T cells upon activation that belongs to the …

Mice homoxygous for Ipr (lymphoprolifemtion) or g/d (generalized lymphoproliferative
disease) develop lymphsdenopathy and suffer from autoimmune disease. The Ipr mice have a …

Apoptotic cells expose phosphatidylserine and are swiftly engulfed by macrophages. Milk fat
globule epidermal growth factor (EGF) factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a protein that binds to apoptotic …

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in specialized bone marrow (BM) niches regulated
by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Here, we have examined whether mononuclear …

Apoptosis-inducing Fas ligand (FasL) is a type II membrane protein, predominantly expressed
in the activated T cells. FasL is cleaved by a putative metalloproteinase to produce a …