BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) leads to intervertebral
disc degeneration (IDD), which underlies many spine-related disorders. Matrix …

Introduction The longitudinal degradation mechanism of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the
interbertebral disc remains unclear. Our objective was to elucidate catabolic and anabolic …

Background Rats are a widely accepted preclinical model for evaluating intervertebral disc (IVD)
degeneration and regeneration. IVD morphology is commonly assessed using histology…

Introduction The intervertebral disc has a complex structure originating developmentally
from both the mesenchyme and notochord. Notochordal cells disappear during adolescence, …

Introduction Nutrient deprivation is a likely contributor to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration.
Silent mating type information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) protects cells against …

Objective The expression of proinflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα),
interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐8, and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) is significantly correlated with the …

The intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus (NP) has two phenotypically distinct cell types—notochordal
cells (NCs) and non‐notochordal chondrocyte‐like cells. In human discs, NCs are …

Intervertebral disc degeneration is the primary cause of back pain and associated with
neurological disorders including radiculopathy, myelopathy, and paralysis. The currently …

Degenerative disc disease is a highly prevalent, global health problem that represents the
primary cause of back pain and is associated with neurological disorders, including …

It is suggested that pro‐inflammatory cytokines, which are produced by interaction of the
intervertebral nucleus pulposus cells and macrophages, may be linked to the cause of pain of …