This paper is a narrative review of normal cervical alignment, methods for quantifying
alignment, and how alignment is associated with cervical deformity, myelopathy, and adjacent-…

Sagittal spinal misalignment (SSM) is an established cause of pain and disability. Treating
physicians must be familiar with the radiographic findings consistent with SSM. Additionally, …

Degenerative scoliosis is a common and important cause of lumbar spine deformity in the
adult. The operative management of degenerative scoliosis encompasses a spectrum of …

BACKGROUND: Positive spinal regional and global sagittal malalignment has been
repeatedly shown to correlate with pain and disability in thoracolumbar fusion. OBJECTIVE: To …

Study Design. A retrospective study of adults with long fusion to the sacrum using three
different fixations was performed. Objective. To compare the long-term clinical results and …

BACKGROUND: The SRS-Schwab classification of adult spinal deformity (ASD) is a
validated system that provides a common language for the complex pathology of ASD. …

OBJECTIVE Although multiple reports have documented significant benefit from surgical
treatment of adult spinal deformity (ASD), these procedures can have high complication rates. …

Study Design. A retrospective study. Objective. To assess the mechanisms and the
independent risk factors associated with proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in patients treated …

OBJECT Despite the complexity of cervical spine deformity (CSD) and its significant impact
on patient quality of life, there exists no comprehensive classification system. The objective of …

Study Design. Multicenter, retrospective series. Objective. To analyze the incidence, mode,
and location of acute proximal junctional failures (APJFs) after surgical treatment of adult …