Introduction: As minimally invasive spine surgery gains popularity, a focused effort must be
made to reduce intraoperative radiation exposure to levels as low as reasonably achievable …

Background Minimally invasive surgical techniques have resulted in improved patient
outcomes. One drawback has been the increased reliance on fluoroscopy and subsequent …

Study Design. Prospective chart review. Objective. It is well-known that radiation exposure
during minimally invasive spine procedures can be substantial. Less interest has focused on …

Study Design. Cadaveric laboratory study. Objective. To compare the accuracy, efficiency,
and safety of intraoperative cone beam–computed tomography with navigation (O-ARM) …

Background Calibration of computer navigation for spinal fusion is most commonly
conducted using either a preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan or intraoperative O …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT A worldwide survey conducted in 2013 reported that 78% of
surgeons utilize 2D fluoroscopy during spine surgery. By comparison, and despite improved …

Study Design. A prospective randomized study. Objective. To compare occupational
radiation exposure to the surgeon, as well as the patient, during posterior lumbar spine …

Abstract Background Context Imaging modalities used to visualize spinal anatomy
intraoperatively include X-ray studies, fluoroscopy, and computed tomography (CT). All of …

Study Design. Retrospective cohort. Objective. To compare robotics and navigation for
minimally invasive elective lumbar fusion in terms of radiation exposure and time demand …

Abstract Background Context Fluoroscopic devices can be used to visualize subcutaneous
and osseous tissue, a useful feature during pedicle screw insertion in lumbar fusion surgery …