Background The quality of the vertebral body structures such as endplate, cortex, and
trabecular bone is important for understanding the performance of implants, particularly at …

Study Design: Cadaver study. Objective: To determine the bone density of lumbar vertebral
anatomic subregions. Bone mineral density (BMD) is a major factor in osseous fixation …

Background Information on the three-dimensional (3D) shape of vertebral end plates is
lacking. Previous studies have analyzed two-dimensional shape; however, 3D data are …

Background Previous studies investigated the overall mechanical strength of the vertebral
body; however, limited information is available on the biomechanical properties of different …

Accurate determination of vertebral endplate surface area and diameters plays an important
role in surgical procedures, spinal implant design and sizing. The objective of this study was …

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Objective: To measure the total bone mineral
density (BMD), cortical volume, and cortical thickness in seven different anatomical regions …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Implants subsidence is a frequent complication of interbody
fusion, which can result in pain, deformity, nerve damage, and even failure of surgery. The …

Purpose Clinical observations suggest that endplate shape and size are related to
complications of disc arthroplasty surgery. Yet, the morphology of the vertebral endplate has …

In this study, we hypothesized that vertebral bone density and disc degeneration would
affect the structural property distributions of the lower lumbar vertebral endplates (L3–L5) …

Study Design. An in vitro cadaveric study to compare compressive failure load, strength, and
stiffness of the implant–vertebra interface. Objectives. To determine the effect of cage shape …