opioid

• A Novel Multimodal Postoperative Pain Protocol for 1- to 2-Level Open Lumbar Fusions: A Retrospective Cohort Study

  Michael Markowitz, Barrett Woods, Gregory Schroeder, Christopher Kepler, David Kaye, Mark Kurd, Joshua Armstrong, Alexander Vaccaro and Kris Radcliff

  • International Journal of Spine Surgery December 2023, 17 (6) 828-834;
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.14444/8484
• Predictive Risk Factors Associated With Increased Opioid Use Among Patients Undergoing Elective Spine Surgery

  ZACHARY SANFORD, ANDREW BRODA, HALEY TAYLOR, JUSTIN TURCOTTE and CHAD M. PATTON

  • International Journal of Spine Surgery April 2020, 14 (2) 189-194;
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.14444/7025