Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1
PRISMA flowchart showing the inclusion/exclusion algorithm. For more information, visit www.prisma-statement.org.
- Fig. 2
Distribution of treated cervical vertebrae.
- Fig. 3
Approaches to the cervical spine. Top: Overall approaches. Bottom: Approaches by cervical spine level.
- Fig. 4
Primary tumor histologies.
- Fig. 5
Breast cancer with multiple spinal involvements. A, Lateral radiograph obtained after placement of the needle shows its oblique trajectory and the approach to C2. Note that the needle is placed at the central part of the vertebral body. B, Lateral radiograph, obtained after percutaneous vertebroplasty, shows a satisfactory opacification of the vertebral body but also a cement leakage (arrows). C, Axial CT scan, obtained after percutaneous vertebroplasty, shows cement leakage in the epidural space (short arrow), as well as leakage close to the C1-C2 joint (long arrow). The latter caused a transient occipital neuralgia. (Reprinted with permission, Francisco Mont'Alverne et al. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005;26:1641-1645).
Tables
- Table 1
Summary of published case series reporting outcomes after vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty for metastatic cervical spine lesions
Study No. Of patients No. Vertebral bodies Treated levels Age Injected volume Success PreopVAS PostopVAS Asymptomaticleakage 6 2 Complications FU Mont'Alverne et al., 2005 12 12 C2 52.3 2.7 80% - - 6 1 occipitalneuralgia, 1 stroke; 6.9 Pflugmacher etal., 2006 3 12 C3 – C7 60.4 1.8 - 6.3 2.9 2 None 12 Sun et al., 2010 10 10 C2,others 62.1 3 100% - - 4 3 cases of mild odynophagia 10.7 Masala et al.,2011 62 70 C1 – C7 61.5 2.5 97% 7.9 1.7 2 None 3 Anselmetti et al.,2012 25 25 C2 59.3 - 80% 8.1 1.0 6 None 21.8 Blondel et al.,2012 6 6 C2 – C5 63.5 - - 8.0 2.0 2 None 10 Total 120 135 59.9 ± 4.0 2.5 ± 0.5 89% 7.6 ± 0.9 1.9 ± 0.8 22 (16%; 95% CI,9.8 – 22.2) 5 (4%; 95% CI, 0.5– 7.5%) 10.7 ± 6.3 Success was defined as being pain-free or experiencing a statistically significant reduction in pain; VAS: visual analog scale; FU: follow-up.
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