Augmented Reality Navigated Sacral-Alar-Iliac Screw Insertion

Pelvic models covered with a surgical drape.

3D model of a pelvis, segmented from computed tomography data, with screw trajectories.

Surgeon drilling a pilot hole with augmented reality navigation for a sacral-alar-iliac screw.

AruCo marker placed on pelvis to be drilled.

View from of the surgeon. Draped pelvises with an overlay of a virtual 3D pelvis (blue) including the screw trajectories (purple).

Pelvis and left sacral-alar-iliac drill axis (red). The anterior pelvic plane, defined by the anterior superior iliac spines and the pubic tubercles (all in green circles), was defined as the frontal plane (green). The axial plane (blue) was defined as perpendicular to both frontal and anatomical sagittal (reddish) planes. The cranio-caudal inclination angle was measured between the drill axis and the axial plane. The medio-lateral convergence angle was measured between the drill axis and the sagittal plane. The angles were measured between the axis and their orthogonal projection onto the respective plane using multiplanar reconstruction of the computed tomography data.