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Stem Cells and Intervertebral Disc Regeneration Overview—What They Can and Can't Do

Gianluca Vadalà, Luca Ambrosio, Fabrizio Russo, Rocco Papalia and Vincenzo Denaro
International Journal of Spine Surgery April 2021, 15 (s1) 40-53; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14444/8054

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    Figure 1

    The main effects of stem cells following transplantation into the intervertebral disc. IVD, intervertebral disc; ECM, extracellular matrix; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL, interleukin; IFN, interferon; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase. Created with BioRender.com.

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Stem Cells and Intervertebral Disc Regeneration Overview—What They Can and Can't Do
Gianluca Vadalà, Luca Ambrosio, Fabrizio Russo, Rocco Papalia, Vincenzo Denaro
International Journal of Spine Surgery Apr 2021, 15 (s1) 40-53; DOI: 10.14444/8054
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