Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Advance Online Publication
    • Archive
  • About Us
    • About ISASS
    • About the Journal
    • Author Instructions
    • Editorial Board
    • Reviewer Guidelines & Publication Criteria
  • More
    • Advertise
    • Subscribe
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
  • Join Us
  • Reprints & Permissions
  • Sponsored Content
  • Other Publications
    • ijss

User menu

  • My alerts

Search

  • Advanced search
International Journal of Spine Surgery
  • My alerts
International Journal of Spine Surgery

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Advance Online Publication
    • Archive
  • About Us
    • About ISASS
    • About the Journal
    • Author Instructions
    • Editorial Board
    • Reviewer Guidelines & Publication Criteria
  • More
    • Advertise
    • Subscribe
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
  • Join Us
  • Reprints & Permissions
  • Sponsored Content
  • Follow ijss on Twitter
  • Visit ijss on Facebook
Research ArticleSpecial Issue

Expandable Interbody Spacers: A Two-Year Study Evaluating Radiologic and Clinical Outcomes With Patient-Reported Outcomes

Graham Mulvaney, Steve Monk, Jonathan D. Clemente, Deborah Pfortmiller and Domagoj Coric
International Journal of Spine Surgery October 2020, 7124; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14444/7124
Graham Mulvaney
1Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
2Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Department of Neurological Surgery, Charlotte, North Carolina
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Steve Monk
1Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
2Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Department of Neurological Surgery, Charlotte, North Carolina
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jonathan D. Clemente
4Atrium Health's Carolinas Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Charlotte, North Carolina
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Deborah Pfortmiller
1Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
PHD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Domagoj Coric
1Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
2Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Department of Neurological Surgery, Charlotte, North Carolina
3Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Spine Division, Charlotte, North Carolina
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

ABSTRACT

Background Posterior and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF and TLIF) have gained significant popularity for management of lumbar degenerative spine over the last 3 decades. Expandable interbody spacers are a newer technology that can increase in size after placement, theoretically minimizing the operative risks of static spacers without sacrificing radiographic correction. The goal of this study is to further evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of expandable spacers.

Methods This was a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort that underwent elective 1- to 3-level PLIF/TLIF with expandable interbody spacers from 2014 to 2020 at a single institution. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) Oswestry Disability Index and Visual Analog Scale were collected at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Imaging was performed at 12 months, with follow up at 24 months in case of nonunion. Retrospective outcomes were computer tomography (CT) based and Bridwell-Lenke classification of fusion, radiographic parameters, and adverse events.

Results A total of 50/53 (94.3%) otherwise eligible patients had 12-month PROMs and CT imaging for analysis. Here, 50% were obese (body mass index > 30), 58% had a smoking history, and 24% had a prior lumbar procedure. Also, 46/50 (92%) patients fused by CT criteria. Significant decrease in PROMs was seen as early as 6 weeks postoperatively. The mean change in preoperative-to-postoperative global lordosis values was 3.8° ± 15.6°. There were 4 (8%) intraoperative durotomies and 5 (10%) patients requiring reoperation for nonunion.

Conclusions Our study demonstrates the use of expandable spacers in a high comorbidity cohort with low complications, excellent improvement in PROMs despite minimal lordotic improvement, and high rates of fusion without recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) or iliac crest bone graft.

Level of Evidence 4.

Clinical Relevance Expandable interbody fusion can significantly improve outcomes for degenerative lumbar spondylosis, with good safety profile, and high fusion rates.

  • interbody cages
  • fusion
  • radiographic parameters

Footnotes

  • Disclosures and COI: Approval was obtained from our local institutional review board. Dr. Coric receives royalties from Spine Wave, Globus Medical, Medtronic, Integrity Implants, and Stryker, is a consultant for Spine Wave, Globus Medical, Medtronic, and Integrity Implants, and owns stock in Spine Wave. For the remaining authors, none are declared.

  • This manuscript is generously published free of charge by ISASS, the International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery. Copyright © 2020 ISASS
Next
Back to top

In this issue

International Journal of Spine Surgery: 19 (S2)
International Journal of Spine Surgery
Vol. 19, Issue S2
1 Apr 2025
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author

Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on International Journal of Spine Surgery.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Expandable Interbody Spacers: A Two-Year Study Evaluating Radiologic and Clinical Outcomes With Patient-Reported Outcomes
(Your Name) has sent you a message from International Journal of Spine Surgery
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the International Journal of Spine Surgery web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Expandable Interbody Spacers: A Two-Year Study Evaluating Radiologic and Clinical Outcomes With Patient-Reported Outcomes
Graham Mulvaney, Steve Monk, Jonathan D. Clemente, Deborah Pfortmiller, Domagoj Coric
International Journal of Spine Surgery Oct 2020, 7124; DOI: 10.14444/7124

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Expandable Interbody Spacers: A Two-Year Study Evaluating Radiologic and Clinical Outcomes With Patient-Reported Outcomes
Graham Mulvaney, Steve Monk, Jonathan D. Clemente, Deborah Pfortmiller, Domagoj Coric
International Journal of Spine Surgery Oct 2020, 7124; DOI: 10.14444/7124
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Letter to the Editor: Rasch Analysis and High Value Spinal Endoscopy—Another Perspective
  • Real-World Implementation of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning for Managing Surgical Spine Patients at 2 Academic Health Care Systems
  • Potential Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Spine Surgery Across the Continuum of Care
Show more Special Issue

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • interbody cages
  • fusion
  • radiographic parameters

Content

  • Current Issue
  • Latest Content
  • Archive

More Information

  • About IJSS
  • About ISASS
  • Privacy Policy

More

  • Subscribe
  • Alerts
  • Feedback

Other Services

  • Author Instructions
  • Join ISASS
  • Reprints & Permissions

© 2025 International Journal of Spine Surgery

International Journal of Spine Surgery Online ISSN: 2211-4599

Powered by HighWire