Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
The focus of this study was on the intervertebral lordosis angle (IVL) as prescribed by the operating surgeon for the personalized device. It is defined as the angle between a tangent line to the upper (cranial) endplate of the lower vertebrae and a tangent line to the lower (caudal) endplate of the upper vertebrae.
- Figure 2
Example of vertebral endplate irregularity (left). Prevalence and distribution of endplate defects in the lumbar spine. Data presented are prevalence rates in percent, referring to the total samples studied for that specific disc level (right).24
- Figure 3
The fit of a stock interbody device against the endplate (left) is compared with the fit of a personalized device (right).
- Figure 4
Intervertebral lordosis (IVL) offset for all levels treated (A) and for levels treated with anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with personalized interbody implants (B).
- Figure 5
Distribution of the magnitude of the intervertebral lordosis (IVL) offset for all levels treated with personalized interbody implants of 217 adults who underwent spinal deformity surgery.
- Figure 6
Distribution of the magnitude of intervertebral lordosis (IVL) offset stratified by implant type.
- Figure 7
Distribution of intervertebral lordosis (IVL) offset stratified by implant type.
Tables
- Table 1
Demographic and pre- and postoperative radiographic parameters for the 217 adults with spinal deformity who received personalized interbody devices.
Variable Preoperative Postoperative N 217 NA Sex, women, n (%) 128 (59) NA Age, y, mean (SD) 66 (11) NA Radiographic Parameters Time since surgery, mo, median (min, max) NA 17 (3, 38) LL, mean (SD) 41.8° (17.3°) 53.0° (28.3°) PI-LL mismatch, mean (SD) 13.9° (16.8) 4.0° (16.6°) IVL by level L1-L2, mean (SD) 3.3° (3.1°) 6.8° (2.6°) L2-L3, mean (SD) 3.9° (3.7°) 6.7° (3.4°) L3-L4, mean (SD) 5.3° (3.6°) 8.1° (2.9°) L4-L5, mean (SD) 6.8° (5.3°) 11.4° (4.7°) L5-S1, mean (SD) 11.1° (7.0°) 15.5° (4.8°) Abbreviations: IVL, intervertebral lordosis angle; LL, lumbar lordosis; NA, not applicable; PI-LL, pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis.
Parameter Value Levels fused, median (range) 4 (1,16) Personalized interbody devices per subject, mean (SD, range) 1.7 (0.8, 1–5) Patients with ALIF, n (%) 99 (45.6) Patients with LLIF, n (%) 53 (24.4) Patients with TLIF, n (%) 80 (36.9) Personalized ALIF, n (% of total) 145 (39.7) L3/L4, n (% of ALIF) 9 (6.2) L4/L5, n (% of ALIF) 46 (31.7) L5/S1, n (% of ALIF) 90 (62.1) Personalized LLIF, n (% of total) 99 (27.1) L1/L2, n (% of LLIF) 15 (15.2) L2/L3, n (% of LLIF) 38 (38.4) L3/L4, n (% of LLIF) 29 (29.3) L4/L5, n (% of LLIF) 17 (17.2) Personalized TLIF, n (% of total) 121 (33.1) L1/L2, n (% of TLIF) 3 (2.5) L2/L3, n (% of TLIF) 1 (0.8) L3/L4, n (% of TLIF) 12 (9.9) L4/L5, n (% of TLIF) 50 (41.3) L5/S1, n (% of TLIF) 55 (45.5) Abbreviations: ALIF, anterior lumbar interbody fusion; LLIF, lateral lumbar interbody fusion; TLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
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