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Research ArticleArticles

Clinical Gait Analysis on a Patient Undergoing Surgical Correction of Kyphosis from Severe Ankylosing Spondylitis

Ram Haddas and Theodore Belanger
International Journal of Spine Surgery January 2017, 11 (3) 18; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14444/4018
Ram Haddas
1Texas Back Institute Research Foundation, Plano, TX, USA
PhD
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Theodore Belanger
2Texas Back Institute, Rockwall, TX, USA
MD
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  • Fig. 1
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    Fig. 1

    Pre- and postsurgery posture.

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    Fig. 2

    Pre (sitting) and post (standing) surgery radiographs.

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    Fig. 3

    Sagittal plane excursions of the pelvis, hip, knee and ankle pre- (red) and post- (blue) surgical spinal alignment for a patients with severe ankylosing spondylitis in comparison the healthy values (gray).

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    Fig. 4

    Lower extremity range of motion sagittal plane during the stance phase. Positive flexion / plantar flexion. Pre - One Day before Surgery, Post - One Month after Surgery.

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    Fig. 5

    Trunk EMG time to peak. Time for muscle to reach its peak activity as a percentage of gait cycle. 0% represents right heel contact. EO - External Oblique, IO - Internal Oblique, ES - Erector Spinae, MF - Multifidus, Pre - One Day before Surgery, Post - One Month after Surgery.

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    Fig. 6

    Lower Extremity EMG time to peak. Time for muscle to reach its peak activity as %gait cycle. 0% represents right heel contact. RF - Rectus Femoris, ST - Semitendinosus, TA -Tibialis Anterior, MG - Medial Gastrocnemius. Pre - One Day before Surgery, Post - One Month after Surgery.

Tables

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    Table 1

    Gait Parameters and Descriptors.

    Description
    Walking Speed:Mean velocity of progression
    Cadence:Number of step for minute
    Step Length:Longitudinal distance from one foot strike to the next one
    Trunk Angle
    IC:
    Value of trunk flexion-extension angle (trunk position on the sagittal plane relative to the pelvis) at Initial Contact, representing the position of the trunk at the beginning of gait cycle.
    Neck Angle IC:Value of neck flexion-extension angle (neck position on the sagittal plane relative to the trunk) at Initial Contact, representing the position of the neck at the beginning of gait cycle.
    Head Angle IC:Value of head flexion-extension angle (global head position on the sagittal plane) at Initial Contact, representing the position of the head at the beginning of gait cycle.
    GRF:Maximum of Ground Reaction Force during the stance phase
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    Table 2

    Gait Parameters, Kinematic, Kinetic and EMG variables Gait (mean± SD).

    PrePost
    Walking Speed:0.90 ± 0.0 m/s0.92 ± 0.0 m/s
    Cadence:96.27 ± 4.0 stp/m100.21 ± 5.2 stp/m
    Right Step Length:0.54 ± 0.0 m0.54 ± 0.0 m
    Left Step Length:0.58 ± 0.0 m0.57 ± 0.0 m
    Trunk Angle IC:77.10 ± 1.4°14.15 ± 1.2°
    Neck Angle IC:-35.95 ± 1.4°-16.67 ± 1.1°
    Head Angle IC:-39.83 ± 2.8°2.73 ± 2.1°
    R GRF:589.92 ± 32.0 N569.15 ± 18.90 N
    L GRF:603.16 ± 54.0 N574.87 ± 29.0 N
    • Pre - One Day before Surgery, Post - One Month after Surgery, IC – Initial Contact. Positive angle – flexion.

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International Journal of Spine Surgery
Vol. 11, Issue 3
1 Jan 2017
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Clinical Gait Analysis on a Patient Undergoing Surgical Correction of Kyphosis from Severe Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ram Haddas, Theodore Belanger
International Journal of Spine Surgery Jan 2017, 11 (3) 18; DOI: 10.14444/4018

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Clinical Gait Analysis on a Patient Undergoing Surgical Correction of Kyphosis from Severe Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ram Haddas, Theodore Belanger
International Journal of Spine Surgery Jan 2017, 11 (3) 18; DOI: 10.14444/4018
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Keywords

  • ankylosing spondylitis
  • gait analysis
  • electromyography
  • three-dimensional kinematics
  • laminectomy
  • osteotomy
  • spinal fusion

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